How To Troubleshoot Your Computer Hardware

There could be many reasons why you'd want toby swapping it out and seeing the problems still occur
troubleshoot your computer, well, one actually andor try your memory in another system. If the memory
that's because something is not working right. Thepasses the tests then you proceed to troubleshoot
process of troubleshooting is something you learn aftersomething else with good faith that your memory is
working for a long time with computers. Often enoughfine.
when there's a problem, nothing is going to explicitly tellHard Drive
you what is causing the problem and how you can fixThe hard drive is that ultimate safe to everything
it. By taking logical steps and walking through theimportant on your computer. It keeps all of your
process of troubleshooting you should be able to solveinformation, files and folders, music, videos, favorite
almost any computer problem, software or hardwarewebsites, and programs. With a bad hard drive there's
related. It involves identifying the problem(s), finding theno reason to have a computer. In terms of fixing a
cause of that problem, determining the solution,computer if the hard drive isn't salvageable then most
executing that solution, and testing and checking thatpeople don't even want to bother with the rest,
solution to see if it solves your problem.because their computer is probably a piece of junk
As an example let's say one day while using yourthat has been handed down from time to time.
computer the screen suddenly turns all black and youGenerally when a hard drive is about to fail it's usually
can't see anything. We found a problem now whatyears down the road from first acquiring the computer.
would be the first step to take to fix it? First check toSo the next best option rather than replacing the drive
see if the monitor is on and is receiving power, mostis to just buy a new computer, or build a new one,
monitors when they have power, but no connection orbecause your old one sure is probably not running as
connection problems with the computer will display afast as it used to.
message that says this monitor is working, but makeLuckily before your hard drive kicks the bucket there is
sure you check your cables. So the next logical stepusually a few warning signs:
to take would be to check the cable to make sure it is- Abnormally slow file transfers
properly connected and secured to the VGA slot- Problems with booting, especially when Windows is
behind your computer case and to make sure thebeing loaded
monitor cable is plugged into the monitor. Now, here's- Corrupted files
where you have to decide what would be the next- Disappearing files or folders
best course of action to take. you could either swap- Loud hard drive noise is a good sign that there is a
out your monitor with another monitor that you know ismechanical problem going on inside
working to see if the problem is the monitor itself andIf your hard drive exhibits any of these signs be sure
nothing else or you can try to see if the problem isto transfer all of your files to another source
your graphics card. If your replacement monitor works,immediately, and do not continue to do day-to-day
good, then you know your culprit is a bad monitor andactivities with that hard drive. If it doesn't show any of
you'll most likely have to get a new one, becausethese tell-tale signs, however you have a gut feeling
monitors are dangerous and too costly service. If thethat your hard drive is on the brink of destruction you
replacement monitor you used shows up a blackcan try using many different drive testing utilities
screen as well, the next thing you'd do is check toavailable on the internet. The hard drive manufacturer
make sure the graphics card is properly seated in theusually has at least one qualified tool that you can
motherboard, if it is and the display is still not showingdownload from their website and run. Other ways to
up, then swap out the graphics card to see if yourcheck the health of your hard drive involves running
problem is fixed.the Windows Error Checking tool by right clicking on
Generally there are only so many steps you can takeyour hard drive in 'My Computer' then selecting
before you solve the problem and everything is back'Properties' and going to the 'Tool' and clicking on
in order. Make sure that before you start testing and"Check Now", or checking the SMART status located
swapping out parts that the problem wasn't caused byin your motherboard's BIOS. SMART stands for
you changing a software setting in Windows or someSelf-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology.
ambiguous option in the motherboard's BIOS thatMost motherboards nowadays has this technology. It
causes your problem.should be automatically enabled in your BIOS, if it's not
Motherboardthen your hard drive won't get checked. What it does
The motherboard is the heart of the computer, everyis on boot up it will perform quick tests on your hard
part of the computer relies on the motherboard todrive to ensure it is running correctly and it will continue
function correctly. It maintains connection betweento monitor it for any errors or abnormal problems that
every PC component and ensures that things aremay occur as long as the computer is turned on.
operating smoothly between them. Many signs ofMonitor
motherboard failure is that the computer won't boot up,Watching movies, videos, playing games, and looking at
not reaching the POST test, erratic system behavior,NSFW material are all amazing things we can do on
different combinations of components not working.our computers. Yet there may come a day where
Because everything is connected to the motherboardyou just want to get on your computer and relax in
certain parts may or may not work correctly if theyour computer room looking at all that NSFW material
motherboard is faulty so be sure to test those partsyou have bookmarked under the "Special Sites"
before thinking they're dead and getting new ones.category, but you can't because your monitor won't
- Be sure to do a visual inspection of the motherboardturn on. No, you don't frump and punch holes in the
to make sure all cables are seated properly, the fanswalls to look for an outlet for your rage. You
are spinning, and that the CMOS battery is in it's propertroubleshoot it, and hope to god that your monitor isn't
place.broken!
- Also check for any broken or leaking capacitors,When diagnosing a screen problem, half the time it's
those can immediately render a motherboard dead.usually something very easy, like a cable coming loose,
- Make sure that all of the jumpers are set correctlyor the monitor getting unplugged accidentally;
as well, you should be able to find jumper information inunfortunately the other half the time it's probably a
your motherboard's manual, and if you don't have theproblem that's related to your monitor being old, or a
manual you should be able to find the manual on theproblem that's related to your graphics card instead.
Internet at the motherboard manufacturer's website.So you may have to diagnose both items at the same
Many of the problems caused by a bad motherboardtime to see which solves your problem.
is also similar to problems caused by a faulty or dyingFirst, check all your cables, I know this is probably
power supply, so be sure to check if the power supplygetting a little old with the checking connections and
is faulty or swap it out for another to see if youreverything, but so many computer problems can be
problem is fixed. If you have a spare motherboard youavoided if people just remember that their computer
can try swapping out the motherboard to see if thatisn't always going to stay the same way they left it. A
solves your problem, if that's the case then thefoot could kick out a cable, a dog or a cat that got to
motherboard is most likely faulty. If you think thecurious, or almost anything can render half your
motherboard is faulty and it is still in warranty youhardware useless.
should be able to send it back to the manufacturer forAfter checking all your cables, make sure your screen
a new one with no hassle, sometimes they might evenhas power, if it has power and shows a message
pay for the shipping & handling if it is a big problemsuch as "This monitor is working correctly please
that is happening with a certain line of motherboards.check your cable" and shows bars of color on the
Make sure that when you open a motherboard youscreen, that means that your monitor is not getting a
keep all of the packaging and the box, and if there aresignal from your computer. Try swapping out the
any stickers that will void the warranty if removedmonitor for another one to see if it still says that
make sure you do NOT remove them, so that way itmessage. If it does then that means the problem is
is easier to send back.most likely something to do with your graphics card
Power Supplynot seated in the motherboard, or just isn't working
If you suspect your power supply is giving you trouble,properly, you may want to try swapping out another
make sure you check it out fast, because powergraphics card to see if that solves your problem.
supplies can make trouble with the rest of yourGenerally monitors don't have that many diagnosable
system as well. Irregular voltages sent from the powerproblems. Either they work and they work well, or they
supply can short circuit and overheat your componentsdon't work and you have to replace them. When
thus frying them and making them unusable. Someworking on a monitor you should never open them,
faulty power supplies have even caught on fire, but ifthey aren't meant to be serviced and contain high
you're lucky it might just smoke a little and start tocharged capacitors that hold lethal doses of electricity.
smell. A few signals that your power supply is bad orWe wouldn't want to read about a computer guy in
is going bad would be erratic and seemingly randomthe obituaries now would we?
system behavior like system hangs and crashes, andGraphics Card
burning smells along with smoke.The glorious graphics card, it's an amazing thing really. It
If you recently upgraded your system or added newmakes all those pretty HDR (High Dynamic Range)
hard drives, disk drives, a graphics card or anything forpictures look just that good, it keeps your games
that matter, be sure to check if your power supply isrunning smoothly, and your videos in HD. Yet these
being overloaded with hardware. A good way tothings can be pains when they're just not working right,
check is to use a power supply calculator. One timebecause if something is wrong there's not a strict
when I upgraded my system with a new fancy PCIhardware or software solution, you have to analyze
Express 16x Graphics card, well it was fancy backthe current situation to see what's up.
then, I had problems with the graphics card performingFirst and foremost if you're having any problems with
while in 3d games, it was all due to my power supplyyour graphics card, probably the best thing to try to do
being unable give it enough juice on the 12v rails so itfirst is see if there an updated driver for it at the
performed poorly and didn't act as it should have, Imanufacturer's website that may solve the problem, or
even swapped out the graphics card for another oneif there isn't an update try uninstalling your graphics
believing it was bad, after checking the manufacturer'sdrivers and reinstalling them this little action can solve
forums it seemed like a lot of people were havingso many problems.
problems with faulty cards, so I figured mine mustIf there's little jaggies or weird colorful mishaps known
have been faulty too. After getting the new card itas artifacts appearing on your screen you may want
seemed like it performed better for a little bit longer,to check the temperature of your graphics and make
which could've just been some optimizations they didsure is getting enough cooling, and that the fan is
to circuit board. Seeing how they sent me anworking properly. If the cooling checks out okay you
upgraded version of the same card, but it wasn't until Imay also want to check your power supply ratings to
checked my power supply wattages that I found thesee if it is giving enough juice to your graphics card.
real culprit.Nowadays most graphics cards need a lot of power
The first thing to do to diagnose your power supply ison the 12v rails, make sure your power supply can
check the power supply connectors, make suregive you that power that the graphics card needs.
everything is plugged into the motherboard and theSound Card
power cable is plugged into the power supply, youSome of the typical problems people have with sound
wouldn't believe how many people forget to plug incards is either A) no sound or B) no sound. Sounds
their computer. Many power supplies also have acard typically aren't very expensive so having to
power switch on them so check to make sure that noreplace one if the current one isn't working is no big
one accidentally or purposefully switched it off maybedeal. However, if you're one of those audiophile types
for a prank. Check the fan to see if it is spinning at thewho expect 100% original recording quality with your
correct speed and if it's dusty vacuum it out.$300 sound card replacing one of those is as
Determine if the power supply cables are giving outexpected a lot more harder to do.
the right amount of voltage, if you computer will let youSound Card Troubleshooting
boot you should be able to check them in the BIOS
menu to see if the correct voltages are being given.1. Check speaker cables make sure they're all
Normal power supplies give +3.3 volts DC, +5 volts DC,connected and plugged into the right spot on your
-5 volts DC, +12 volts DC, and -12 volts DC.sound card. Also check the speaker's power cables.
Memory2. Make sure windows volume is turned up and the
Faulty RAM can have many adverse effects on yourvolume is not muted, also make sure that you have all
system. Constant lockups, computer rebooting,the wave and playback volume turned up and not
memory error message (duh), system crashes, andmuted. If you have 'Digital Output Only' checked in your
sometimes refusing to boot up are all signs of memoryAdvanced Controls for Playback Controls, try
errors. Though, these are also signs for motherboard,unchecking it to see if that solves your non-sound
hard drive, and power supply problems too. Luckily forproblem. I found that if I have that checked my sound
you if you think your memory is subject to causing acard won't give me any sound.
disruption in your system there are programs that can3. Try reinstalling your sound card drivers, also try
check the memory for it's performance and to see if itchecking on the internet at the manufacturer's website
is generating any errors.for any updated drivers that may be available. They
Memtest86+ is an amazing memory diagnosticincrease your sound card's compatibility with your
program. It is based off of the original Memtest86 thatsystem.
has been around since 1994 and is used by4. If the previous tips didn't help, then you may just
system-builders, average joes, and professionals in thehave to replace your sound card, or atleast swap it
IT world. It's a standalone memory check test whichout for another one to see if it might be a problem
means it can be easily run without a bootablerelated to your sound card's connection to the
operating system, that's good if you can't just seem tomotherboard instead.
get your PC started and want to rule out yourProcessor
memory as quickly as possible.The processor is the actual thinking part of the brain of
How To Use Memtest86 With Your Floppy Drive Tothe computer. It does all the calculations needed to
Test Your Memorymake a computer run, and does them all in split second
timing. It determines how fast your computer generally
1. First go their website at and select the mostruns, and most of the time is a bottle neck for
appropriate version to download. You can downloadsystems that have had everything upgraded except
the bootable iso or the Pre-compiled floppy drivethe CPU.
depending on whether you want burn a CD or useIf your processor's not working, it's not the end of the
your floppy drive. We're going to go into details onworld, generally most processors that work correctly
floppy method.for a few weeks, should work correctly for the rest of
2. Open up the .zip and extract the files to a folder,it's lifespan, which varies from 5-10 years or so. As
then click on install.bat, you will be asked to "Enterlong as you're not overclocking the processor or letting
target diskette drive:". Type A and hit enter then it willit overheat too badly your processor should be fine,
ask you to insert a formatted diskette into drive A: andand it could just be a BIOS setting that's messed up, or
press -Enter-: after you hit enter it will write some filesa jumper setting, but for kicks just check to make the
to your floppy so you can boot your computer withprocessor is seated properly and the heat sink is
the floppy to test for errors.attached to the processor and the motherboard. The
3. After the floppy has been formatted withheat sink should be attached tightly to the motherboard
Memtest86+, leave the floppy in your floppy drive andand not have room to move about, you should be able
reboot your computer. Remember to set your floppyto pick up your motherboard by grabbing onto the heat
drive as the first boot device in your BIOS menu.sink without any problems. Check in your motherboard
4. The program will automatically load and perform themanual to make sure all the jumpers are set correctly
memory diagnostic tests on your computer. During thefor your type of processor. Any jumpers set
testing if there any errors they will show up and at theincorrectly can cause the processor to not work, or
end of the test it will tell you how many errors you'vefunction correctly or at it's optimal speed. Also check
had.the heat sink to see if it is cooling off the processor, if
After testing your memory if you receive any errorsit's not doing a very good job you may want to look
you should make sure that your memory is okay eitherinto investing in a better one that gets the job done.