Legislation Sought Against Gene Bias

ary 20, 1998, Vice President Al Gore called for federaldiscrimination, nearly one-fifth of people who have a
legislation to bar employers from discriminating againstfamily member with a genetic disorder reported being
employees on the basis of their genetic makeup.discriminated against by employers, insurers, and
“Progress in genetics should not become a newothers.
excuse for discrimination,” Mr. Gore said. “GeneticA 1995 Harris poll revealed that over 85% of
discrimination is wrong—and it’s time we endedAmericans are concerned about insurers or employers
it.”having access to their genetic information. Another
The Vice President also released an administrationstudy showed that many high-risk people refuse to
report, "Genetic Information and the Workplace," whichtake advantage of new genetic tests for fear of losing
documents problems of current and future genetictheir jobs or their insurance.
discrimination in the workplace and outlines principlesLegislative Protection
for federal legislation to guard against these abusesAlthough 14 states have widely varying laws to
(see information at end of this article). Such legislationprovide some protection against workplace
would forbid employers to request or require geneticdiscrimination, the need for federal protection has been
information, prevent on-the-job discrimination, andrecognized by Congress with the introduction of
ensure that genetic information is not disclosed withoutnumerous bills with bipartisan support. Three
the explicit permission of the individual.stand-alone bills would amend existing civil rights or
Workplace Reportlabor laws to protect workers against employment
The report states that more and more employers arediscrimination based on genetic information (S. 1045,
using genetic testing and monitoring as a condition ofSen. Tom Daschle; H.R. 2275, Rep. Nita Lowey; and
employment. One study found that by the year 2000,H.R. 2215, Rep. Joseph Kennedy). Two additional bills
15% of employers plan to check the genetic status ofinclude worker protections against discrimination based
prospective employees and their dependents beforeon genetic information as part of broader proposals
making job offers. The report also notes that geneticaddressing the use of genetic information (S. 422, Sen.
information already is being used to discriminate in thePete Domenici; H.R. 2198, Rep. Cliff Stearns).
workforce. In addition to numerous individual cases of