PKU - A Rare Metabolic Disorder - Every Newborn is Screened, Yet Few People Know What PKU Is

I am no doctor, nor do I purport to know more thandiagnosis in itself, the key being that the defective gene
any medical professional. I am simply a father whoseis able to process a minimal amount of phenylalanine.
world was turned upside down when finding that myThe patient's phenylalanine levels will be closely
second daughter had been diagnosed with a metabolicmonitored to ensure that they remain within an
disorder at birth.acceptable range. Journals reflect that rather than
The internet is a fantastic tool, bringing a wealth ofrelying on the diet, patients may be able to go on and
streamlined information to our homes with just a fewcome off the diet as levels vary. Medical opinion,
finger taps. When not sure of what it is you are lookinghowever, seems to be that the diet should be adhered
for, however, the information that is randomly selectedto even in cases of 'Mild PKU'. The reason for this is to
for its relevance to your search can be verylower the incidence of adverse medical effects
misleading. When your search includes the complexitiescaused by fluctuation of phenylalanine levels.
of the human body and the welfare of a loved one,There is a further condition that comes under the PKU
the articles that you stumble on can be extremelybanner. In my opinion, this is the condition that affects
worrying.our daughter. It is known as 'non-PKU
Our daughter was born with a metabolic disorder thathyperphenylalaninaemia', the non-PKU part of the
was explained to us as being PKU. We'd never heardname seeming to set this disorder apart from the 'PKU
of it. How bad was it? Would she survive? Whatfamily'. It is the mildest form of phenylalanine
would happen to her? The mind races at times like this.intolerance, and therefore it has the lowest risk of
That evening, countless hours spent at the computerintellectual impairment. Monitoring of the condition is
reading Google-generated articles provoked strongadvocated, but dietary restrictions are usually
emotions; predominantly of worry and fear. What weunnecessary.
did discover was that our chances of being in thisGiven that the problem here is genetic, the prognosis is
situation were 1 in 12,000. We considered ourselvespredictable. Doctors have told us that from experience,
extremely unlucky. Life was unfair.the gene's ability to convert phenylalanine remains
Stories and postings on forums would tell of thoseconstant throughout life. Whilst the patient will never
whose lives were seriously affected by this disorder,actually recover, the condition should not worsen over
their bodies unable to process the amino acidtime. It is still early days for us. Phenylalanine levels
phenylalanine. Diet restricted to a very low proteinfluctuate dependent on diet. Regular monitoring is
intake, their days were punctuated by the need totherefore vital. Our daughter is only 11 months old and
take supplements in the form of a protein shake. Thisis still in the critical development stage. We remain
drink would provide the other nine essential aminoencouraged by her progress to date. She does what
acids required for physical and neurologicalevery other child her age should be doing, and in some
development. Those with PKU not adhering to theirways is more advanced. When she was born, we
diets faced developing symptoms such as depression,thought ourselves very unlucky to have been the 1 in
ADHD syndrome and, in extreme cases, profound12,000 who would find themselves in this position. In
irreversible brain damage.Modern medecine shouldcontrast, we now consider ourselves very lucky to be
ensure that with early detection the latter does notdealing with non-PKU hyperphenylalaninaemia and not
occur. There are many people who have 'full blownthe full blown form of the disorder.
PKU' who, with proper care, can lead relatively normalI found myself glancing at a packet of chewing gum a
lives.few weeks ago. On it was written 'contains
What is important to note is that there are varyingphenylalanine'. I don't know how long that wording has
severities of the condition. My experience was that thisappeared on that packaging. Perhaps it's something
information is not provided to parents of new-borns,that was only recently introduced. Or perhaps I've
the doctors seemingly unable to predict with anynever noticed it before because prior to my daughter's
certainty the behaviour of the disorder in the first yeardiagnosis, I had no need to know what phenylalanine
of an infant's life. Given the neurological developmentwas. It's strange how the mind works.
that takes place over the first twelve months, it isThis experience has brought me close to the
perhaps understandable that no guarantees can beuncertainties that are characteristic of such disorders.
given. Knowing of the different types of PKU and theIn today's information-fuelled world we have grown to
potential outcome in each case, however, may haveexpect the answers to all our questions. It is humbling
reduced the level of worry and anxiety for us asand at times frustrating to be faced with a disorder,
parents.the effects of which cannot be defined, just 'best
Mild PKU (sometimes known as Variant PKU) is aguessed'.