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Article #138: Understanding Surround Sound Systems

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Surround sound is the concept of expanding delivers 5.1 channels of "master quality"
the spatial imaging of audio playback from audio on CD, CD-R, and DVD. Each DTS
1 dimension (mono/Left-Right) to two or encoded disc represents a sonic "clone" of
three dimensions. It is often employed for the original film soundtrack.
a more realistic audio environment, The difference between Dolby Digital
actively implemented in cinema sound (AC-3) and DTS is:
systems, technical theatre, home -DTS provides a deeper and tighter low
entertainment, video arcades, computer frequency presence
gaming, and a growing number of other -DTS allows the sound to breath -
applications. Many popular surround sound transparency
formats have evolved over the years. They -AC-3 leaves the impression that something
include ambisonics, quadraphonic, Dolby is missing from the mix
5.1 Surround sound, DTS, and MP3 Surround. -At lower bit-rate AC-3 starts to sound
Surround sound can be created using like MP3's encoded at a low-quality 96kbps
several methods. The simplest to (artifacts)
understand uses several speakers around DTS is more three dimensional. The sound
the listener to play audio coming from actually moved forward from the individual
different directions. Another approach speakers to sound more full. This fullness
involves processing the audio using was most apparent with the music. Instead
psychoacoustic sound localization methods of simply coming from the speakers, the
to simulate a 3D sound field using DTS filled the front soundstage not only
headphones. The third approach, wave field side to side, but with more depth as well.
synthesis, uses a very large number of Bass reproduction was also more defined in
speakers to generate the "audio hologram" the DTS version, leaving the DD edition
of the original audio in the whole room sounding muddy.
(as of 2004 the only commercial Dolby Digital incorporates dialog
implementation of this is Iosono). normalization, which alters the decoded
Surround sound is not limited to placement level of the soundtrack. The typical
of speakers along a flat (2-dimensional) setting reduces level by 4 dB; other
plane. Vertically-located audio sources reduction levels are possible. In most
can be considered. decoders, this leads to a reduction in
Dolby Digital (DD) uses the AC-3 file signal-to-noise and dynamic range.
format, which any Dolby Digital Decoder Dolby Digital also provides a "stereo down
can decode to produce 5.1 audio. Dolby mixing" feature as a substitute for a
Digital is the technical name for Dolby's dedicated stereo mix. However, many
multi-channel digital sound coding production engineers have admitted that
technique, more commonly referred to as they often have to modify the original 5.1
Dolby 5.1. A six-channel sound coding mixes in order to attain acceptable stereo
process originally created by Dolby for down mixes. Therefore, the 5.1 mix on many
theaters, AC-3 was subsequently adapted Dolby Digital DVDs may differ from the
for home use and is now steadily becoming original master.
the most common sound format for DVD. 5.1 Surround Sound Headphones:
Six discrete audio channels: While the traditional method of surround
-3 for speakers at the front - left (L), sound described above uses numerous
center (C), and right (R) speakers to produce the entire sound
-2 for surround speakers at the side or field, the surround sound mix is limited
rear - surround left (SL) and surround to a two-channel stereo mix when using
right (SR) headphones. That is why recent
-1 low-frequency effects (LFE) channel developments in surround sound technology
carries supporting deep bass sound include 5.1 surround sound headphones, to
effects, ranging from 10 Hz to 120 Hz, allow you to have the same sound quality
which can for example be used by a and surround sound experience without
subwoofer. (This is the '.1' in '5.1'.) waking the neighbors or disturbing
DTS is an encode/decode process that roommates.






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